SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY WITH ANTRAL PRESERVATION (AP) VERSUS ANTRAL RESECTION (AR). A META ANALYSIS.
Abdul-Rahman F. Diab*, Joseph Sujka, Salvatore Docimo, Christopher DuCoin
Department of Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
Introduction: There is an overall tendency toward more restriction of the final sleeve by using a smaller bougie and leaving a shorter antrum. Few observational cohort and randomized controlled trial studies have compared between different resection distances from the pylorus during sleeve gastrectomy. Our aim was to aggregate the evidence available on sleeve gastrectomy with antral preservation (AP) versus antral resection (AR) by a meta-analysis.
Methods: Literature search was done according to the PRISMA guidelines. Observational cohort studies only were included in the analysis (9 studies). Meta-analysis was done using the RevMen 5.4.1 software. Statistical method used was Mantel-Haenszel. Analysis model used was random effects regardless of the heterogeneity (I2).
Results: There was no significant difference in the excess weight loss percentage (EWL%) at 1 and 3 months, mean differences (MDs) were 0.45 (CI -1.44, 2.35) and 2.72 (CI -2.04, 7.48), respectively. However, significant difference was observed in favor of the AR group in EWL% at 6, 12 and 24 months. MDs were 4.61 (CI 2.01, 7.20), 6.02 (CI 2.42, 9.61), and 8.32 (CI 6.45, 10.20), respectively. There was no significant difference in the total body weight loss % (TBWL%) at 1 month, MD was 0.66 (CI -0.06, 1.37). However, significant differences were observed in favor of the AR group regarding the TBWL% at 6, 12 and 24 months. MDs were 2.64 (CI 1.46, 3.82), 4.50 (CI 0.86, 8.13), and 4.10 (CI 3.29, 4.91), respectively. Significant difference was observed in favor of AP in postoperative leaks (OR 1.19, CI 1.00, 1.42). No significant difference was observed in the total number of postoperative complications (OR 1.12, CI 0.71, 1.76), postoperative bleeding (OR 0.88, CI 0.73, 1.06), length of stay (LOS) in days (MD 1.09, CI -2.22, 4.39), LOS in hours (MD 0.41, CI -3.39, 4.20), operative time (MD 0.72, CI -2.68, 4.12), or wound infections (OR 1.01, CI 0.41, 2.47). No significant difference was observed in complete resolution of type 2 diabetes (OR 1.35, CI 0.58, 3.15), hypertension (OR 1.51, CI 0.54, 4.28), and dyslipidemia (OR 1.17, 0.52, 2.64).
Conclusion: Sleeve gastrectomy with AP had significantly less EWL% and TBWL%, but significantly less incidence of postoperative leaks. Although insignificant, sleeve gastrectomy with AP had higher incidence of postoperative bleeding, and lesser overall resolution of all comorbidities (combined), with p values near the significance cutoff, larger studies may be able to prove significant differences. Larger studies with emphasis on incidence of postoperative denovo GERD are warranted to see if there are significant benefits for sleeve gastrectomy with AP that would justify the lesser weigh loss outcomes. Otherwise, sleeve gastrectomy without AP might be a better option.
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