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Introduction: Patients with gastric adenocarcinoma with concurrent primary gastric carcinoid are rarely observed. Since little is known about the course of synchronous disease, our objective was to compare the outcomes of patients with concurrent gastric adenocarcinoma and primary gastric carcinoid with patients harboring isolated gastric adenocarcinoma.
Methods: Patients surgically treated for concurrent primary gastric adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumors from1973 to 2008 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. These patients were case-matched 3:1 with isolated gastric adenocarcinoma patients for year of diagnosis, age, stage, type of surgery, and receipt of radiation. Clinical and pathologic characteristics and survival were compared between the two cohorts.
Results: Our investigation identified 32 patients treated for concurrent gastric adenocarcinoma and primary gastric carcinoid. During the same period, 84 932 cases of isolated gastric adenocarcinoma were diagnosed. After case-matching, patient demographics and tumor characteristics were similar, with the exception of gender, whereby synchronous tumor patients were more likely to be female (p=0.038). Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to compare survival between the 2 cohorts, but no difference in survival was observed (5-year survival, 60 vs 47 months, p=0.52). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that synchronous disease was not a predictor of poor outcome (p=NS).
Conclusions: Development of synchronous gastric adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumor is extremely rare. Nevertheless, our results indicate that patients with synchronous disease fare similarly to patients with isolated gastric adenocarcinoma. Therefore, our results suggest that the prognosis of patients with synchronous disease is primarily driven by appropriate management of gastric adenocarcinoma.